北京2017高考英语真题及答案（文字版）

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　　绝密★启用前

　　2017年普通高等学校全国招生统一考试(北京卷)

　　英 语

　　本试卷共16页，共150分。考试时长120分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

　　第一部分：听力(共两节，满分30分)

　　做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

　　第一节 (共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)

　　听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

　　例：What is the man going to read?

　　A.A newspaper. B.A magazine. C.A book.

　　答案是A

　　1.When will the film start?

　　A.At 5:00. B.At 6:00. C.At 7:00.

　　2.Which club will the man join?

　　A.The film club. B.The travel club. C.The sports club.

　　3.What was the weather like in the mountains yesterday?

　　A.Sunny. B.Windy. C.Snowy.

　　4.What does the man want to cut out of paper?

　　A.A fish. B.A bird. C.A monkey.

　　5.Where does the conversation most probably take place?

　　A.In a library. B.At a bookstore. C.In a museum.

　　第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)

　　听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

　　听第6短材料，回答第6至7题。

　　6.Why does the woman make the call?

　　A.To make an invitation.

　　B.To ask for information.

　　C.To discuss a holiday plan .

　　7.How much does the woman need to pay for the minibus?

　　A.$50. B.$150. C.$350.

　　听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。

　　8.What are the two sperkers mainly talking about?

　　A.Electronic waste. B.Soil pollution. C.Recyling benefits.

　　9.What does the woman decide to do with her cell hpone in the end?

　　A.Throw it away. B.Keep it at home. C.Sell it to be recycled.

　　听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。

　　10.What is the possible relationship between the sperkers?

　　A.Friends. B.Wife and husband. C.Business partners.

　　11.Where does the woman work now?

　　A.In a school. B.In a restaurant. C.In a travel agency.

　　12.What are the two sperkers going to do?

　　A.To take a trip. B.To have a coffee. C.To attend a meeting.

　　听第9段材料，回答第13至15题。

　　13.What has been improved according to the speaker?

　　A.The train station. B.The bus service. C.The parking lot.

　　14.How does the speaker get to her office today?

　　A.By bus and on foot. B.By train and by bus. C.By train and on foot.

　　15.Who is the speaker?

　　A.A reporter.

　　B.A policeman.

　　C.A photographer.

　　第三节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，共7.5分)

　　听下面一段对话，完成16至20五道小题，每小题仅填一个词。听对话前，你将有20秒钟的时间阅读试题，听完后你将有60秒钟的作答时间。这段对话你将听两遍。

　　第二部分：知识运用(共两节，45 分)

　　第一节 单项填空(共 15 小题;每小题 1 分，共 15 分)

　　从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

　　21. Samuel, the tallest boy in our class, ______ easily reach the books on  the top shelf.

　　A. must B. should C. can D. need

　　22. —Peter, please send us postcards ______ we’ll know where you have  visited.

　　—No problem.

　　A. but B. or C. for D. so

　　23. Every year, ______ makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in  the Kite Festival.

　　A. whatever B. whoever C. whomever D. whichever

　　24. —______ that company to see how they think of our product  yesterday?

　　—Yes. They are happy with it.

　　A. Did you call B. Have you called C. Will you call D. Were you calling

　　25. ______ birds use their feathers for flight, some of their feathers are  for other purposes.

　　A. Once B. If C. Although D. Because

　　26. Jane moved aimlessly down the tree-lined street, not knowing ______she  was heading.

　　A. why B. where C. how D. when

　　27. Many airlines now allow passengers to print their boarding passes  online ______ their valuable time.

　　A. save B. saving

　　C. to save D. saved

　　28. If you don’t understand something, you may research, study, and talk to  other people _______ you figure it out.

　　A. because B. though C. until D. since

　　29. In the 1950s in the USA, most families had just one phone at home, and  wireless phones _______ yet.

　　A. haven’t invented B. haven’t been invented

　　C. hadn’t invented D. hadn’t been invented

　　30. The national park has a large collection of wildlife, _________ from  butterflies to elephants.

　　A. ranging B. range C. to range D. ranged

　　31. The little problems ______ we meet in our daily lives may be  inspirations for great inventions.

　　A. that B. as C. where D. when

　　32.Jim has retired, but he still remember the happy time _______ with his  students.

　　A. to spend B. spend C. spending D. spent

　　33.People______better access to health care than they used to,and they’re  living longer as result.

　　A.will have

　　B. have

　　C.had

　　D.had had

　　34. If the new safety system _______ to use, the accident would never have  happened.

　　A. had been put B. were put C. should be put D. would be put

　　35. Many people who live along the coast make a living _______ fishing  industry.

　　A. at B. in C. on D. by

　　第二节 完形填空(共 20 小题;每小题 1.5 分，共 30 分)

　　阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

　　Hannah Taylor is a schoolgirl form Manitoba,Canada.One day, when she was  five years old,she was walking with her mother in downtown Winnipeg.They saw a  man 36 out of a garbage can.She asked her mother why he did that and her mother  said that the man was homeless and hungry.Hannah was very 37 .She couldn't  understand why some people had to live their without shelter or enough  food.Hannah started to think about how she could 38 ,but,of course,there is not  a lot one five-year-old can do to solve(解决)the problem of homelessness.

　　Later ,when Hannah attended school, she saw another homeless person. It was  a woman, 39 an old shopping trolley(购物车)which was piled with 40 . It seemed that  everything the woman owned was in them. This made Hannah very sad, and even more  41 to do something.She had been talking to her mother about the lives of  homeless people 42 they first saw the homeless man. Her mother told her that if  she did something to change the problem that made her sad, she wouldn’ t 43 as  bad.

　　Hannah began to speak out about the homelessness in Manitoba and then in  other provinces.She hoped to 44 her message of hope and awareness.She started  the Ladybug Foudation ,an organization aiming at getting rid of bomekssacss. She  began to “Big Bosses” lunches, where she would try to persuade local business  Leaders to 46 to the cause.She also organized a fundraising(募捐)drive in “Ladybug  Jars” to collect everyone`s spare change during “Make Change” month. More  recently, the foundation began another 47 called National Red Scarf Day-a day  when people donate $20 and wear red scarves in support of Canada`s 48 and  homeless.

　　There is an emergency shelter in Winnipeg called “Hannah`s Place”,something  that Hannah is very 49 of. Hannah`s Place is divided into several  areas,providing shelter for people when it is so cold that50 outdoors can mean  death.In the more than five years since Hannah began her activities,she  hasreceived a lot of 51 .

　　For example, she received the 2007 BRICK Award recognizing the 52 of young  people to change the world. But 53 all this, Hannah still has the 54 life of a  Winnipeg schoolgirl, except that she pays regular visits to homeless people.

　　Hannah is one of many examples of young people who are making a 55 in the  world.You can,too!

　　36. A. jumping B. eating C. crying D. waving

　　37. A. annoyed B. nervous C. ashamed D. upset

　　38. A. behave B. manage C. help D. work

　　39. A. pushing B. carrying C. buying D. holding

　　40. A. goods B. bottles C. foods D. bags

　　41. A. excited B. determined C. energetic D. grateful

　　42. A. since B. unless C. although D. as

　　43. A. sound B. get C. feel D. look

　　44. A. exchange B. leave C. keep D. spread

　　45. A. sell B. deliver C. host D. pack

　　46. A. contribute B. lead C. apply D. agree

　　47. A. campaign B. trip C. procedure D. trial

　　48. A. elderly B. hungry C. lonely D. sick

　　49. A. aware B. afraid C. proud D. sure

　　50 A. going B. sleeping C. traveling D. playing

　　51. A. praises B. invitations C. replies D. appointments

　　52. A. needs B. interests C. dreams D. efforts

　　53. A. for B. through C. besides D. along

　　54. A. healthy B. public C. normal D. tough

　　55. A. choice B. profit C. judgement D. difference

　　第三部分：阅读理解(共两节，40 分)

　　第一节 (共 15 小题;每小题 2 分，共 30 分)

　　阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

　　A

　　It was a cold March day in High Point, North Carolina. The girls on the  Wesleyan Academy softball were waiting for their next turns at bat during  practice, stamping their feet to stay warm, Eighth-grader Taylor Bisbee  shivered(发抖) a little as she watched her zxxk teammate Paris White play. The two  didn’t know each other well —Taylor had just moved to town a month or so  before.

　　Suddenly, Paris fell to the ground,“Paris’s eye rolled back,” Taylor says.  “She started shaking . I knew it was an emergency.”

　　It certainly was, Paris had suffered a sudden heart failure. Without  immediate medical care, Paris would die. “Does anyone know CPR?”

　　CPR is a life-saving technique. To do CPR, you press on the sick person’s  chest so that blood moves through the body and takes oxygen to organs. Without  oxygen the brain is damaging quickly.

　　Amazingly, Taylor had just taken a CPR course the day before. Still, she  hesitated. She didn’t think she knew it well enough. But when no one else came  forward, Taylor ran to Paris and began doing CPR, “It was scary. I knew it was  the difference between life and death,” says Taylor.

　　Taylor’s swift action helped her teammates calm down. One girl called 911.  Two more ran to get the school nurse, who brought a defibrillator, an electronic  devices(器械) that can shock the heart back into work. Luck stayed with them:  Paris’ heartbeat returned.

　　“I know I was really lucky,” Paris say now. “Most people don’t survive  this. My team saved my life”

　　Experts say Paris is right: For a sudden heart failure, the single best  chance for survival is having someone nearby step in and do CPR quickly.

　　Today, Paris is back on the softball team. Taylor will apply to college  soon. She wants to be a nurse. “I feel more confident in my actions now,” Taylor  says. “I know I can act under pressure in a scary situation.”

　　56.What happened to Paris on a March day?

　　A.She caught a bad cold.

　　B. She had a sudden heart problem.

　　C.She was knocked down by a ball.

　　D.She shivered terribly during practice

　　57.Why does Paris say she was lucky?

　　A.She made a worthy friend.

　　B. She recovered from shock.

　　C. She received immediate CPR.

　　D.She came back on the softball team.

　　58.Which of the following words can best describe Taylor?

　　A.Enthusiastic and kind.

　　B.Courageous and calm.

　　C.Cooperative and generous.

　　D.Ambitious and professional.

　　B

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　　Measles(麻疹), which once killed 450 children each year and disabled even  more, was nearly wiped out in the United States 14 years ago by the universal  use of the MMR vaccine(疫苗). But the disease is making a comeback, caused by a  growing anti-vaccine movement and misinformation that is spreading quickly.  Already this year, 115 measles cases have been reported in the USA, compared  with 189 for all of last year.

　　The numbers might sound small, but they are the leading edge of a dangerous  trend. When vaccination rates are very high, as they still are in the nation as  a whole, everyone is protected. This is called “herd immunity”, which protects  the people who get hurt easily, including those who zxxk can’t be vaccinated for  medical reasons, babies too young to get vaccinated and people on whom the  vaccine doesn’t work.

　　But herd immunity works only when nearly the whole herd joins in. When some  refuse vaccination and seek a free ride, immunity breaks down and everyone is in  even bigger danger.

　　That’s exactly what is happening in small neighborhoods around the country  from Orange County, California, where 22 measles cases were reported this month,  to Brooklyn, N.Y., where a 17-year-old caused an outbreak last year.

　　The resistance to vaccine has continued for decades, and it is driven by a  real but very small risk. Those who refuse to take that risk selfishly make  others suffer.

　　Making things worse are state laws that make it too easy to opt out(决定不参加)  of what are supposed to be required vaccines for all children entering  kindergarten. Seventeen states allow parents to get an exemption(豁免), sometimes  just by signing a paper saying they personally object to a vaccine.

　　Now, several states are moving to tighten laws by adding new regulations  for opting out. But no one does enough to limit exemptions.

　　Parents ought to be able to opt out only for limited medical or religious  reasons. But personal opinions? Not good enough. Everyone enjoys the life-saving  benefits vaccines provide, but they’ll exist only as long as everyone shares in  the risks.

　　63.The first two paragraphs suggest that ____________.

　　A.a small number of measles cases can start a dangerous trend

　　B.the outbreak of measles attracts the public attention

　　C.anti-vaccine movement has its medical reasons

　　D.information about measles spreads quickly

　　64.Herd immunity works well when ____________.

　　A.exemptions are allowed

　　B.several vaccines are used together

　　C.the whole neighborhood is involved in

　　D.new regulations are added to the state laws

　　65.What is the main reason for the comeback of measles?

　　A.The overuse of vaccine.

　　B.The lack of medical care.

　　C.The features of measles itself.

　　D.The vaccine opt-outs of some people.

　　66.What is the purpose of the passage?

　　A.To introduce the idea of exemption.

　　B.To discuss methods to cure measles.

　　C.To stress the importance of vaccination.

　　D.To appeal for equal rights in medical treatment.

　　D

　　Hollywood’s theory that machines with evil(邪恶) minds will drive armies of  killer robots is just silly. The real problem relates to the possibility that  artificial intelligence(AI) may become extremely good at achieving something  other than what we really want. In 1960 a well-known mathematician Norbert  Wiener, who founded the field of cybernetics(控制论), put it this way: “If we use,  to achieve our purposes, a mechanical agency with whose operation we cannot  effectively interfere(干预), we had better be quite sure that the purpose which we  really desire.”

　　A machine with a specific purpose has another quality, one that we usually  associate with living things: a wish to preserve its own existence. For the  machine, this quality is not in-born, nor is it something introduced by humans;  it is a logical consequence of the simple fact that the machine cannot achieve  its original purpose if it is dead. So if we send out a robot with the single  instruction of fetching coffee, it will have a strong desire to secure success  by disabling its own off switch or even killing anyone who might interfere with  its task. If we are not careful, then, we could face a kind of global chess  match against very determined, super intelligent machines whose objectives  conflict with our own, with the real world as the chessboard.

　　The possibility of entering into and losing such a match should  concentrating the minds of computer scientists. Some researchers argue that we  can seal the machines inside a kind of firewall, using them to answer difficult  questions but never allowing them to affect the real world. Unfortunately, that  plan seems unlikely to work: we have yet to invent a firewall that is secure  against ordinary humans, let alone super intelligent machines.

　　Solving the safety problem well enough to move forward in AI seems to be  possible but not easy. There are probably decades in which to plan for the  arrival of super intelligent machines. But the problem should not be dismissed  out of hand, as it has been by some AI researchers. Some argue that humans and  machines can coexist as long as they work in teams—yet that is not possible  unless machines share the goals of humans. Others say we can just “switch them  off” as if super intelligent machines are too stupid to think of that  possibility. Still others think that super intelligent AI will never happen. On  September 11, 1933, famous physicist Ernest Rutherford stated, with confidence,  “Anyone who expects a source of power in the transformation of these atoms is  talking moonshine.” However, on September 12, 1933, physicist Leo Szilard  invented the neutron-induced(中子诱导) nuclear chain reaction.

　　67.Paragraph 1 mainly tells us that artificial intelligence may .

　　A. run out of human control

　　B. satisfy human’s real desires

　　C. command armies of killer robots

　　D. work faster than a mathematician

　　68.Machines with specific purposes are associated with living things partly  because they might be able to .

　　A. prevent themselves from being destroyed

　　B achieve their original goals independently

　　C. do anything successfully with given orders

　　D. beat humans in international chess matches

　　69.According to some researchers, we can use firewalls to .

　　A. help super intelligent machines work better

　　B. be secure against evil human beings

　　C. keep machines from being harmed

　　D. avoid robots’ affecting the world

　　70.What does the author think of the safety problem of super intelligent  machines?

　　A. It will disappear with the development of AI.

　　B. It will get worse with human interference.

　　C. It will be solved but with difficulty.

　　第二节 (共 5 小题;每小题 2 分，共 10 分)

　　根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

　　Every animal sleeps,but the reason for this has remained foggy.When lab  rats are not allowed to sleep,they die within a month. 71

　　One idea is that sleep helps us strengthen new memories. 72 We know  that,while awake,fresh memories are recorded by reinforeing (加强)connections  between brain cells,but the memory processes that take place while we sleep have  been unclear.

　　Support is growing for a theory that sleep evolved so that connections  between neurons(神经元)in the brain can be weakened overnight,making room for fresh  memories to from the next day. 73

　　Now we have the most direct evidence yet that he is right. 74 The synapses  in the mice taken at the end of a period of sleep were 18 per cent smaller than  those taken before sleep,showing that the connections between neurons weaken  while sleeping.

　　If Tononi`s theory is right,it would explain why,when we miss a night`s,we  find it harder the next day to concentrate and learn new information-our brains  may have smaller room for new experences.

　　Their research also suggests how we may build lasting memories over time  even though the synapscs become thinner.The team discovered that some synapses  seem to be protected and stayed the same size. 75 “You keep what matters,”Tononi  says.

　　A. We should also try to sleep well the night before.

　　B. Ti’s as if the brain is preserving its most important memories.

　　C. Similarly, when people go for a few days without sleeping, they get  sick.

　　D. The processes take place to stop our brains becoming loaded with  memories.

　　E. That’s why students do better in tests if they get a chance to sleep  after learning.

　　F. “Sleep is the price we pay for learning,” says Giulio Tononi, who  developed the idea.

　　G. Tononi’s team measured the size of these connections, or synapses, in  the brains of 12 mice.

　　第四部分：书面表达(共两节，35 分)

　　第一节 (15分)

　　你的英国朋友Jim所在的学校要组织学生来中国旅行，有两条线路可以选择：“长江之行”或者“泰山之旅”。Jim来信希望你能给些建议。请你给他回信，内容包括：

　　1.你建议的线路;

　　2.你的理由;

　　3.你的祝愿。

　　注意：1.词数不少于50;

　　2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

　　Dear Jim,

　　Yours,

　　Li Hua

　　第二节 (20 分)

　　假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，写一篇英文周记，记录毕业前夕你们制作以“感恩母校”为主题的毕业纪念视频的全过程。注意：词数不少于60。提示词：视频video

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