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2021考研英语：词汇备考之记忆技巧(10)
WORDS
patron n.1.资助人，赞助人 2.老主顾，顾客
patronise 见patronize
patronize vt.1.以高人一等的态度对待 2.经常光顾，惠顾? 3.赞助
pave vt.铺(路)，铺筑
pave the way(for)? (为……)铺平道路，(为……)作准备
payroll n.1.工资表，在职人员名单 2.工资总额
peanut n.1.花生 2.[pl.]很少的钱
pearl n.1.珍珠 2.珠状物 3.珍品
pebble n.卵石，小圆石
peck vt.1.啄 2.匆匆轻吻 vi.1.啄食? 2.(at)小口地吃 n.1.啄 2.匆匆地一吻 3.(谷物等的干量单位)配克
pedal n.踏板，脚踏 vi.脚踏板，骑车 vt.脚蹬，踩动……的踏板
peddle vt.1.(沿街)叫卖，兜售 2.宣传，散播
pedestrian n.步行者，行人
peel vt.削……的皮，剥……的壳 vi.剥落，脱皮 n.(水果等的)皮，外皮
peel off 剥掉，脱去
peep vi.1.窥视，偷看 2.隐现，慢慢露出 n.1.窥视 2.(汽车喇叭的)嘟嘟声 3.(鼠、小鸟等的)吱吱声
peg n.1.小钉，栓，挂物钉 2.桩 vt.1.用钉子钉，用钉(或桩等)固定 2.限定(价格、工资等)3.将……看成，将……归入 4.投(球)等
peg away at 坚持不懈地做
penalise 见penalize
penalize vt.1.使处于不利地位，不公平地对待 2.判罚
pending prep.直到，在等待……期间 a.1.未决的，未定的，待定的 2.即将发生的，迫近的
pendulum n.1.摆，钟摆 2.摇摆不定的事态(或局面)
penguin n.企鹅
peninsula n.半岛
perch n.1.(鸟类的)栖息处，栖枝，栖木 2.高处，较高的位置 3.鲈鱼 v.1.(鸟)飞落，暂栖，停留? 2.(在较高处或物体边缘)坐着 vt.把……置于较高或危险处
Penguin=Trouble
So I was pedaling down the street the other day when this funny looking pedestrian crossed the street in front of me. I thought this kid was going to get penalized by the cops for sure since he was swinging back and forth like a pendulum. Well, I couldn't peel my eyes off this kid when I crashed into one of our patrons. Her pearls went flying everywhere like pebbles over the road that had recently been paved. As I got up off the road I paved the way through the crowd to retrieve her pearls.
When I heard a funny peep I looked up to see that the kid was a penguin!! How I missed that, I'll neverknow, but I'm sure the other messenger boy will peg away at me untill they take me off the payroll or something. Anyhow, the penguinpecked me on the cheek like a kiss and then sat down on my bag like he was patronizing me from the top of some perch. I'm not one to hold grudges so I reached into my bag and pulled out some peanuts. As I peeled open the bag someone threw a couple coins down into my hat, which I had dropped. They must have thought I was peddling the penguin for money!
Well, right then and there I reached down, picked up that money and pegged the person in the back of his head. He turned around and started chasing me. Naturally I ran and now my case in court is still pending.
But I never found out what happened to that penguin. I hope he made it back to his home on some ocean peninsula. I wouldn't want him hanging around the city much longer. He sure got me into trouble!
企鹅=麻烦
那天我正在街上骑车，突然有个样子古怪的行人从我面前穿过马路。我心想这个小家伙肯定要遭警察罚了，因为他像个钟摆一样晃来晃去。我无法把视线从这个小家伙身上移开，就在这时我撞到了我们一个老主顾身上。她的珍珠像小圆石一样撒满了最近才铺好的路面。我加快速度在人群中为她铺开了一条路让她捡回珍珠。
听到一声奇怪的吱吱声，我抬头发现小家伙原来是只企鹅!!我永远也无法知道我怎么就没有注意到他只不过是只企鹅，但是我确信其他送信男孩会一直抓着我不放，直到他们把我从在职人员名单上拿下来或是怎么的。不管怎样，企鹅像亲吻一样在我的脸上轻轻啄了一下，然后就坐在了我的包上，就像从某个高处以高人一等的态度对待我一样。我不是个怀恨的人，所以我把手伸进包里掏出一些花生来。在我打开包的时候，有人往我的帽子里扔了几枚硬币，因为我把帽子掉在了地上。他们一定以为我在拿企鹅叫卖!
就在此时此地我弯腰把钱捡了起来朝那个人的后脑勺扔去，他转过身来开始追我。我自然是跑掉了，现在我在法院的案子还悬而未决。
但我一直没弄清楚企鹅的下落，我希望他成功地回到了某个大洋半岛他自己的家，我不希望他在城里做更多的逗留。他肯定是给我带来了麻烦!
2021考研英语：单词备考之记忆技巧(9)
WORDS
paradise n.天堂，乐园
paradox n.1.似乎矛盾而(可能)正确的说法 2.自相矛盾的人(或事物)
paralyse 见paralyze
paralyze vt.1.使瘫痪，使麻痹 2.使丧失作用 3.使惊愕，使呆若木鸡
parameter n.1.[常pl.]界限，范围 2.参数
parasite n.1.寄生生物 2.寄生虫
parlor n.1.(出售某些商品或提供某种服务的)店，馆，院 2.客厅，会客室
parlour 见parlor
parrot n.鹦鹉
participant n.参加者，参与者
partisan a.党派的，派性的，偏袒的 n.1.党徒，忠实的追随者 2.(敌后)游击队员
partiton n.1.分隔物，隔墙 2.分割，划分 vt.隔开，分割，划分
partnership n.合伙(关系)，合伙经营(的企业)，合伙人身份
passionate a.1.多情的 2.充满激情的，激昂的 3.热切的，强烈的
pastime n.消遣，娱乐
pastry n.油酥面团，酥皮糕点
pasture n.牧草地，牧场 vt.放牧
patent n.专利，专利权 a.(有关)专利(权)的，受专利保护的 vt.得到……的专利权
pathetic a.1.差劲的，令人生厌的 2.引起怜悯的，可怜的，可悲的
patriot n.爱国者，爱国主义者
patriotic a.爱国的，有爱国心的，显示爱国精神的
The Last Patriot of the Island Miki!
"I am the last patriot of the Island of Miki left in the world!" Said the parrot from behind the partition that blocked people seeing that he was not a person.
"My island was once a paradise. But as is often the case you find great paradoxes in paradise. The paradox on my island was that our pastime was not eating pastries or singing patriotic songs, but destroying each other with our passionatelypartisan attitudes for how our island should develop. Some participants thought we could profit from tourism and patent the name of our island. Others wanted to set up patrols to keep outsiders away. These two sides could not form partnerships. They could not agree on any parameters. And this disagreement became a parasite that ate at the hearts of our people until we destroyed each other. I myself an paralyzed fromthe battle that followed on the beautiful pastures that were once filled with flowers! On that day they ran with blood."
"This may sound pathetic. But I am now just a parlor joke. And no one believes my story. They cannot see that, just as happened on my island, countries are now heading towards destruction because people cannot agree with each other. If only they would listen to my story and learn from our mistakes."
The crowd gasped as the partiton was taken away and they realized that the voice was that of a parrot. As for the parrot, he just looked down, even sadder that his story would not be heard because no one would believe a talking parrot, the last patriot of the Island of Miki.
米基岛上最后一个爱国者
“我是世界上剩下的米基岛上最后一个爱国者!”鹦鹉从分隔物后面说，由于有分隔物挡着，人们看不出说话者不是一个人。
“我这座岛曾经是个天堂。但是正如经常发生的那样，你会发现天堂里有很多自相矛盾的事情。我的岛上自相矛盾的事情是，我们的消遣不是吃酥皮糕点或者唱爱国歌曲，而是相互残杀，因为对于如何发展我们这个小岛，我们都充满激情但属于不同党派。有些参与者认为我们可以通过旅游业赚钱并获得我们这个岛名的专利，其他人则想成立巡逻队以防止外来者的入侵。双方就是不能结成伙伴关系，在任何范围内他们都不能达到一直意见，而这种分歧最后成了一种寄生虫，它吞噬着我们的心，直到我们相互毁灭。我自己则在随后的一场战斗中瘫痪了，战场是一个美丽曾经长满鲜花的牧场，那天他们浑身是血地跑着。”
这听起来可能有些可悲，但我现在只是一个酒馆的笑柄，谁也不相信我说的故事。他们看不见许多国家就像我的岛上发生的那样正因为大家观点不一致而走向毁灭。他们要是听我的故事，从我们的错误中吸取教训就好了。“
分隔物被拿掉的时候人们倒抽了一口冷气，他们发现声音是一只鹦鹉发出来的。至于那只鹦鹉，他只是低着头，他的故事没有人听，因为谁也不愿意相信一只会说话的鹦鹉——米基岛上最后一个爱国者，为此他更感伤心。
2021考研英语：易混词汇记忆的小招数
consistent [kEn5sistEnt] a. 始终如一的，一致的
insist [in5sist] v. 坚持，坚决主张
resistance [ri5zistEns] n. 1.抵抗，反抗 2.阻力3.电阻
resistant [ri5zistEnt] a. (to)抵抗的，有抵抗力的
resist [ri5zist] v. 1.抵抗，反抗 2.忍得住，抗……
exist [i^5zist] vi. 存在
existence [i^5zistEns] n. 1.存在，实在 2.生存，生活(方式)
persist [pE(:)5sist] vi. 坚持，持续
persistence [pE`sIstEns] n. 坚持(多用于贬义)
例: persitence of a disease顽疾
persevere [7pE:si5viE] vi. 坚持
例: persevere in one’s studies孜孜不倦地学习
perseverance [7pE:si5viErEns] n. 百折不挠， (对行动、信仰或目标的坚持) 坚定不移
(注意：名词是perseverance结尾而不是perseverence)
persevere的其它近义词：
stubborn [5stQbEn] a. 1.(人)顽固的，倔强的 2.难以克服的
obstinate [5Cbstinit] a. 固执的，顽固的
If you wish to succeed, you should use persistence as your good friend , experience as your reference , prudence as your brother and hope as your sentry. (Thomas Edison, American inventor )
如果你希望成功，当以恒心为良友、以经验为参谋、以谨慎为兄弟、以希望为哨兵。 (美国发明家 托马斯·爱迪生)
adhere [Ed5hiE] vi. 1.坚持 2.黏附
coherent [kEu5hiErEnt] a. 粘在一起的，一致的，连贯的
例： a coherent essay. 一篇条理分明的文章
cohesive [kEu5hi:siv] a. 粘着的
例： cohesive force 凝聚力， 粘合力
inherent [in5hiErEnt] a. 内在的，固有的
inherit [in5herit] vt. 继承
heir [ZE] n. 后嗣，继承人
heritage [5heritidV] n. 1.遗产 2.流传
hesitate [5heziteit] vi. 1.踌躇，犹豫 2.支吾
Personality is to a large extent inherent — A-type parents usually bring about A-type offspring. (NETEM 1995, Passage 4, Paragraph 1)
性格在很大程度上是先天形成的——A型性格的父母会有A型性格的子女。
palace [5pAlis] n. 宫，宫殿
place [pleis] n. 地点，位置，职位，处境，住所，地位
vt. 放置，寄予，任命
displace [dis5pleis] vt. 1.移置，转移 2.取代，置换
displacement [dis5pleismEnt] n. 1.移置 2.取代3.位移4.排水量
replace [ri(:)5pleis] v. 1.替换，代替 2.归还
substitute [5sQbstitju:t] vi. (for)代替，替换 n. (of) 代用品，替代者
institute [5institju:t] n. 研究所，学院，学会 v. 设立，制定
institution [7insti5tju:FEn] n. 1.公共机构，协会，学校 2.制度，惯例
constitute [5kCnstitju:t] vt. 组成，构成
constitution [7kCnsti5tju:FEn] n. 1.构成，组成(方式)，成分 2.体质，体格
3.宪法
constituent [kEn5stitjuEnt] a. 组成的，形成的 n. 成分，要素
1. In talking to some scientists, particularly younger ones, you might gather the impression that they find the “scientific method” a substitute for imaginative thought. (NETEM 1999, Passage 5, Paragraph 3)
在和一些科学家，特别是年轻科学家交谈时，你可能会有这样一种印象：他们认为“科学方法”可以代替创造性思维。
2. A comparison of British geological publications over the last century and a half reveals not simply an increasing emphasis on the primacy of research, but also a changing definition of what constitutes an acceptable research paper. (NETEM 2001, Passage 1, Paragraph 3)
通过比较英国过去一个半世纪的地质学出版物，就可以说明：不仅越来越多地强调要把研究放在首位，而且作为一篇能够为人所接受的科研文章，它的构成概念也在变化。
element [5elimEnt] n. 1.元素，要素 2.组成部分
elementary [7eli5mentEri] a. 1.基本的 2.初级的，初等的
elegant [5eli^Ent] a. 文雅的，端庄的，雅致的
elevate [5eliveit] vt. 1.举起，提高，抬高2.使……高尚
3.提升……职位
1. Among the many shaping factors, I would single out the country’s excellent elementary schools. (NETEM 1996, Passage 4, Paragraph 2)
在诸多形成因素中，我想特别指出这个国家优异的小学教育.
2. While even the modestly educated sought an elevated tone when they put pen to paper before the 1960s, even the most well regarded writing since then has sought to capture spoken English on the page. (NETEM 2005, Text 4, Paragraph 3)
在20世纪60年代以前，仅受过一般教育的人在下笔时都会寻求一种更高雅的强调;而那之后，即使是最受关注的文章也开始逮住口语就写在纸面上。
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