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2021考研英语：完型考察词汇分析(3)
正常的;普通的
normal
用以描述预料之中、正常的事物 Your temperature is back to~.你的体温已恢复正常。
usual
同normal，尤其指大多数情况下会发生的
She had all the ~ teenage problems.她有青少年时期常见的所有问题。
common
1“平凡的，普通的”，只作定语2指因大量存在或频繁发生而经常见到的
1the ~ people 平民百姓
2the most ~ form of cancer 最常见的一种癌症
ordinary
1同common1
2“平淡无奇”，指毫无新意，含贬义
2The meal was very ~.这顿饭平常得很。
plain
1 “极为普通，平庸”，仅用作定语，一般用于in ~ common sense 搭配
2“朴素的，相貌平平的”
1~ common sense 普通的常识
2 a ~ dress 朴素的连衣裙;a ~-looking woman 相貌平平的女人
popular
“普遍的”，指为大家所公认或接受的
Contrary to ~ belief, women cause fewer road accidents than men.与普遍的看法相反，妇女交通肇事比男人少。
mean 侧重指人的理解力、能力平庸 to the ~est intelligence 对智力最平庸的人来说
average
1同common1
2指“不高不低的，不好不坏的，中等的”
2$20 for dinner is about ~.花20 美元吃正餐算是价格中等。
[考研试题](1998)They admitted that in the long run industrialization greatly raised the standard of living for the ____man. 尽管他们承认从长远角度讲，工业革命已大大地提高了一般人的生活水平。(B)
[A] plain [B] average [C] mean [D] normal
2021考研英语：完型考察词汇分析(1)
比例;比率
rate
1“比率，率”，指事情发生的速度或次数
2指税收、利息等的“费率”
1the annual crime ~ 年犯罪率
2~ of interest/interest ~ 利息率
ratio
指两组人或物及事物各部分之间在大小、数量上的对比关系”
a very high teacher-student ~很高的师生比率
proportion
1同ratio2用于in ~ (to) 的搭配中，表示“相比较”;或“与…相应，成比例”，暗指如果一方变化另一方也随之变化
2 The room is very long in ~ to its width.这间房的长度比宽度大很多。
Price will be raised in ~ to cost. 价格将随成本相应提高。
percentage
指“百分比”
What ~ of the students were absent?旷课的学生占百分之几?
[考研试题](2000)Naturally he will try to borrow money at a low of ____interest, but loans of this kind are not frequently obtainable. 自然，他会尽量争取低息贷款，但这种贷款不是经常能够得到的。(C)
[A] proportion [B] percentage [C] rate [D] ratio
道;路
path
主要指地面或空中的道路a bicycle ~自行车道
route
同path an air ~飞行航线
channel
侧重指水上道路，如“水渠，航道，海峡” drainage ~s in the rice fields 稻田的排水沟
course
指“(船或飞机的)航向，航线” The plane was on/off ~.飞机航向正确/偏离航向。
passage
指连接两个房间或处所的狭长的通道 a secret underground ~地下秘密通道
vessel
一般指细小的管道，特别是“脉管、血管” blood ~血管
[考研试题]1(2000)He may also need money to construct irrigation _____and improve his farm in other ways. 他可能还需要钱来修建灌溉水渠，或在其他方面改善自己的农田。(D)
[A] vessels [B] routes [C] paths [D] channels
2(1988)Because of strong winds and severe storms, the Mayflower lost its ____. 由于狂风和凶猛的暴风雨，五月花号迷失了航向。
[A] course[B] route[C] passage[D] channel
饲养;养育
feed
1给人(动物、植物等)食物(肥料、养料等)，常用~ sb/sth (on) sth 或~sth to sb/sth
2表示为全家或一群人提供食物
1The cattle are fed (on) barley.牛要喂大麦。
2to ~ an army 养活一支军队
raise
1“养育(孩子或小动物)”，不仅指“给予食物”，更强调抚养方式
2“饲养(牲畜)”3“种植(农作物)”
1to ~ her (as) a Catholic 把她培养成天主教徒
2to~ cow 养牛3to ~ corn 种玉米
2021考研英语：完型填空练习解析(6)
Driving through snowstorm on icy roads for long distances is a most nerve-racking experience. It is a paradox that the snow，coming __1__ gently，blowing gleefully in a high wind，all the while __2__ down a treacherous carpet，freezes the windows，__3__ the view. The might of automated man is__4__ . The horses，the powerful electrical systems，the deep-tread tires，all go __5__ nothing. One minute the road feels __6__，and the next the driver is sliding over it，light as a__7__，in a panic，wondering what the heavy trailer trucks coming up__8__the rear are going to do. The trucks are like __9__ when you have to pass them，not at sixty or seventy __10__ you do when the road is dry，but at twenty-five and thirty. __11__ their engines sound unnaturally loud. Snow，slush and__12__ of ice spray from beneath the wheels，obscure the windshield，and rattle __13__your car. Beneath the wheels there is plenty of __14__ for you to slide and get mashed to a pulp. Inch __15__ inch you move up，past the rear wheels，the center wheels，the cab，the front wheels，all__16__too slowly by. Straight ahead you continue，__17__ to cut over sharply would send you into a slip，__18__in front of the vehicle. At last，there is__19__enough，and you creep back over，in front of the truck now，but__20__the sound of its engine still thundering in your ears.
1. [A] up [B] off [C] down [D] on
2. [A] lies [B] lays [C] settles [D] sends
3. [A] blocks [B] strikes [C] puffs [D] cancels
4. [A] muted [B] discovered [C] doubled [D] undervalued
5. [A] for [B] with [C] into [D] from
6. [A] comfortable [B] weak [C] risky [D] firm
7. [A] loaf [B] feather [C] leaf [D] fog
8. [A] beneath [B] from [C] under [D] beyond
9. [A] dwarfs [B] giants [C] patients [D] princesses
10. [A] what [B] since [C] as [D] that
11. [A] So [B] But [C] Or [D] Then
12. [A] flakes [B] flocks [C] chips [D] cakes
13. [A] onto [B] against [C] off [D] along
14. [A] snow [B] earth [C] room [D] ice
15. [A] by [B] after [C] for [D] with
16. [A] climbing [B] crawling [C] winding [D] sliding
17. [A] meanwhile [B] unless [C] whereas [D] for
18. [A] sheer [B] mostly [C] rarely [D] right
19. [A] might [B] distance [C] air [D] power
20. [A] with [B] like [C] inside [D] upon
一、答案
1.C 2.B 3.A 4.A 5.A 6.D 7.B 8.C 9.B 10.C
11.D 12.C 13.C 14.C 15.A 16.D 17.D 18.D 19.B 20.A
二、总体分析
本文描述了在冰雪覆盖的路面上开车的经历。文章首句为主题句，概括了这种经历的特点是“令人非常紧张”。第二至四句分别介绍了下雪带来的隐患和机器变得没有多大用处。从第五句到文章最后则描述了在这种不利条件下和大卡车一同行驶的紧张经历。
三、全文翻译
在暴风雪中驱车长距离地行驶于冰雪覆盖的路面上是一种令人非常紧张的经历。矛盾的是雪一面轻轻地飘落，在强风中愉快地吹着，一面又不断地吹落可能带来危险的毯子，封冻窗户，挡住视线。机器的力量被减弱了。马、强有力的电子系统、深胎面的轮胎都毫无用处。一分钟前路面还很结实，下一分钟司机就在上面打滑，轻飘飘地，处于恐慌之中，想着从后面突然出现的笨重的挂了拖车的卡车会干出什么事情来。当你不得不开车经过这些卡车时，它们就像巨人一般。这时你行驶的速度不是当路面干燥时的60或70，而是25和30.并且它们的引擎听起来极其刺耳。雪、泥和冰渣滓从轮子下喷洒出来，使挡风玻璃变得模糊不清，然后格格作响地从车上掉下。卡车轮子下的空间很大，足以让你滑进去并被碾成肉酱。你一点点的往前挪动，经过卡车的后轮，中间的轮子，驾驶室，前轮，所有这一切都是极其缓慢地滑过去的。你继续笔直地往前开，因为突然超车抢道到卡车前面会使你的车滑倒，正好倒在大卡车的前面。最后终于和卡车有了一段距离了，你才慢慢地往后挪，挪到另外一车道上，现在你行使在卡车的前面了，但是引擎的声音仍然震耳欲聋。
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